Choline – a key nutrient for the brain and the liver

Definition and characteristics

Choline is a water-soluble vitamin-like substance, often counted among the group of B complex vitamins. The human body synthesises small amounts of it in the liver, but these are not sufficient to cover the daily requirement. That is why choline must be supplied with the diet or with supplements. Its significance for health is enormous, because it takes part in metabolic processes, in the building of cell membranes and in the functioning of the nervous system.

Biological functions of choline

The most important role of choline is its participation in the synthesis of acetylcholine – the neurotransmitter responsible for memory, concentration and nerve conduction. Thanks to this choline supports the processes of learning and protects against cognitive disorders. Another significant aspect is its participation in the building of phospholipids, including phosphatidylcholine, which constitutes a key element of cell membranes. Choline also supports lipid metabolism, thanks to which it protects the liver against steatosis and regulates fat metabolism. It also takes part in methylation reactions, which are significant for gene expression and for the correct development of the foetus.

The effects of deficiency

A deficiency of choline may lead to serious health disorders. It manifests itself as fatty liver, problems with memory and concentration, muscle weakness and, in extreme cases, damage to the liver and muscles. In pregnant women, the lack of an appropriate amount of choline increases the risk of neural tube defects in the foetus and has a negative effect on the development of the child's brain. For this reason choline is regarded as a key component in the diet of mothers-to-be, alongside folic acid and vitamin D.

Dietary sources of choline

The greatest amounts of choline are contained in products of animal origin. Egg yolks, liver, poultry meat, beef and fish are the best sources of this compound. In a plant-based diet we will find choline in soya, beans, broccoli, cauliflower, flax seeds and peanuts, but these amounts are lower than in products of animal origin. People on a vegan diet or limiting their consumption of meat should pay particular attention to an appropriate supply of choline.

Supplementation and forms of choline

In dietary supplements choline occurs in several chemical forms. Among the most bioavailable are alpha-GPC and CDP-choline (citicoline), which effectively raise the level of choline in the body and support the functions of the brain. These supplements are used by people doing intensive mental work, by athletes, students and older people who want to improve their memory and concentration. They also find application in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's or dementia.

The requirements of the body

The daily requirement for choline amounts to about 425 mg for women and 550 mg for men. During pregnancy and breastfeeding these values increase, because the development of the foetus and the production of milk require additional amounts of this compound. Excessive consumption of choline is rare, but very high doses may cause an unpleasant fishy body odour, low blood pressure or gastrointestinal problems.

Choline and the health of the brain

Choline is deservedly called fuel for the brain. Thanks to its role in the synthesis of acetylcholine it directly affects memory, concentration and the ability to learn. Its supplementation supports the plasticity of the brain, improves communication between neurons and may delay the ageing processes of the nervous system. Studies also suggest that an appropriate supply of choline in the early period of life favours better cognitive functions in adulthood.

Support from DWATRO Laboratories

The DWATRO Laboratories brand offers supplements containing choline in modern liposomal formulas, which are characterised by high bioavailability. Thanks to liposomal technology choline penetrates the body better and supports the nervous system and metabolism more effectively. DWATRO Laboratories products often combine choline with B group vitamins, omega-3 acids or plant extracts, which increases their effectiveness and provides comprehensive support for the brain and the liver. Such an approach makes it possible to obtain better results than using a single substance.

Choline during pregnancy

The significance of choline is particularly visible in the diet of pregnant women. An appropriate amount of this compound supports the correct development of the foetal brain, reduces the risk of developmental defects and supports the cognitive processes of the child in the future. For this reason, in many countries additional supplementation with choline is recommended in the diet of pregnant women, alongside the standard supplementation with folic acid.

Summary

Choline is a key nutrient that supports the health of the brain, the liver and the whole body. Its deficiencies lead to serious disorders, which is why it is necessary to take care of an appropriate supply of it from the diet and from supplements. Innovative preparations, such as those developed by DWATRO Laboratories, ensure high bioavailability and effectiveness, which makes it possible to take full advantage of the potential of choline. This unremarkable compound is of enormous significance for memory, concentration and metabolism, and therefore constitutes an indispensable element of a healthy lifestyle and of the prevention of many diseases.

My name is Dorota Wątróbska-Świetlikowska, I am a pharmacist and a scientist holding the title of habilitated doctor of pharmaceutical sciences. I decided to combine my scientific knowledge and my experience in order to create dietary supplements of the highest quality.

My passion and main area of research are submicron dispersion systems, such as submicron emulsions, liposomes and lipospheres. After obtaining my doctorate, I turned my attention to the practical aspects of parenteral nutrition, combining the needs of the patient with the capabilities of the pharmacist. The most important things for me are quality, safety and efficacy , which is visible both in my scientific work and in my approach to creating supplements by Dwatro Laboratories®.